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Related Booklists. McGraw-Hill Professional. Stan Gibilisco. Tease out the braid with a sewing needle or simi tar and twist into through the one closest to the end of the tube. Leave about 6" protruding. Now snugly wind a pigtai l. Feed the inner e nds of the antenna wires the required numberofturns on the PVC tube spacing them as shown. Tin the ends of theses wires and the winding in the same manner as at the start. Needle-nosed pliers wi ll help and the braid pigtail to the other, it does not with the th read ing.
Two coi ls, as closely identical as possible, must be made. Pass a matter whic h way you do this. This junction, when cool, must be well sealed with s ilicone short le ngth o f the cord through the larger holes and form a loop.
Thi s complete the coils sealer, as any wate r entering the coax will drastically affect its performance. Use of the themselves. Our example is for 6. The dimenso-called " UHF" connectors at the antenna sions for the coil s for 7. The opposite e nd of the coax feedl ine Tables I and 2. For a 6. Pass one end to the wire through an e lectrical ground. It can tie as shown, the n strip the e nds o f this wire and the coil wire and solder together the be hung horizontally between two supports e namel can be re moved with sandpaper.
If with reasonable te nsion. If this is not possi ble absolute ly necessary you can just twist the it can be mounted as an "inverted V" from one wires together as tightly as possible and coat central support. The angle be twee n the two " legs" should be greater tha n 90 degrees and with silicon sealant. Now re-measure the antenna wire from the ends kept at least feet above the the end of the last tum on the coil to the distant ground.
A short 3 feet or so length of nylon end of the wire and trim to the le ngth given. Strain rdif The final assemHole!! Plastic or bly step is to construct Waterproofed plywood.
The insulator provides the cente r point of the a ntenna and the connection longer to make than it does to read thi s article. It must be strong G ive it a try and experience the thrill of e nough to withsta nd the tension in the mounted building an effective antenna fora few do llars antenna.
T he simplest insulator can be made and enj oy superior reception during these in the fom1 of a "T" with ho les fo r the strain years at the bottom of the propagation pit. You won't have to pay a dime to use this transceiver-Grove's new interactive WebComradio. And what could be more natural for our clients who are already familiar with pushing buttons on sophisticated communications equipment? Want to talk to us? Just click your mouse anywhere on the mike for a link to our e-mail addresses.
Want to view and order from our on-line catalog of great shortwave and scanner products and accessories? Just tap the CAT button. Of course, you may want to check on late-breaking news from Monitoring Times or Satellite Times magazines, which you can do in a flash. The WebCom has an animated LCD-type display that delivers a multipart message, guiding you to the best deals that we have to offer. Hmmm-perhaps we ought to put this thing in a metal case and sell it?
But no, it's just another service to our customers as we attempt to strengthen our reputation as the most interactive company in the hobby radio business. Just push our buttons and you will see what we mean! Brasstown, N. Our web site is full of products and information for the radio enthusiast. Visit our new Satellite Times and Monitoring Times pages for late-breaking news, subscription information and some of our more popular columns and departments!
April Director elements in front and reflector elements at rear forming a comer gives this its more co name: comer Yagi antea. Courtesy Wi11egard. Th at's why we buy 23 mill ion ne w sets a year. T hat 's why we spend nearly as many ho urs watc hing TV as we do sleeping. We love TV so much that we have created several separate billion dol lar industries to be able to get TV via big dish sate llite, little dish sate llite, microwave.
So, how's your receptio n'1 No. This nifty installation combines a DSS dish with an active omnidirectional amplified anten na.
In some locations this is all you need for total TV reception. Courtesy Kaul-Tronics, Inc. By May there were I 0 stations o n the air with six continuing to operate d uring World W ar Twenty years later there were nearl y Today there are roughly 1, hig h powered broadcast te levisio n stati o ns in the United States with thousands mo re translators low power transmitter sites whi ch provide additiona l regio nal coverage and tho usands mo re low power statio ns U HF on ly and limited to between I 0 a nd 1, watt s output.
The past ten years have seen a techno logica l du st storm sweep through the telev isio n indu stry. T he rapid expansion of cable te levision. With 65 percent of the country connected to cable TV, broadcast TV has experienced ever-dwindl ing audie nce shares and a growing d read that the worst was yet to co me. In the llrst place there are 35 per cent of American households which rema in, for whatever reason.
Many cable subscri bers have been dismayed to learn that the ir loca l cab le com pany may no lo nger be carryi ng the ir local broadcast T V cha nnels, and. Some cable companies have a cheap sol ution: subscribers who req uest it may receive an A- B sw itc h which allows them to switch between the cable and an o utdoor antenna assuming o ne exists.
Many satellite dealers provide terrestrial antenna hook ups with a satellite TV installation. Others are providing special masts wh ich combine the D SS dish with a terrestria l antenna. All of this activity has served to re-kindle interest in reception of over-the-air broadcast te levision signals. In this article we' ll look at what' s avai lable on the market, ways you can improve your TV reception, and how to do your own installation.
Coax weathers the outdoors better, and since the bulk of your cable wi l I be outside the house th is is an advantage. Also, coaxial cable is better shielded and thereby less susceptible to stray signal s and degradation from being near meta l such as roof flashin g, rai n gutters. Ha rdware is available fo r coax which all ows you to easi ly split the signal from the ante nn a and feed other TV sets without noticeable signa l loss. Use a heavy duty crimpi ng tool fo r mechani call y and e lectrically secure fittin gs.
Use Coax-Seal, a brand-name type of gummy-tape, to protect outdoor fittings from rain. Cha nnel l MHz was dele ted in and ass igned to two-way radio service. By the Comm ission c hanged its mind and rea llocated the band to its present location from MH z.
T his puts the band right in between c han nel s six and seven and expla ins why it 's possible to tune the audio of channe l six at the very lowest portion of your FM receiver.
R eflectors behind the "bow ties" help increase gain. Overall length of this antenna is 7 feet. Courtesy Channel Master. These components are the antenna, the feed line. In feed line there are basically two choices. First is the two-conductor flat " ribbon" wire most of us are fam iliar with.
This wire has an impedance of ohms a nd s ince most antennas are des igned with an impedance of o hms, the wi re matc hes the antenna and, theoreti call y, w ill deli ver the signal to your TV set w ith a minimum of signa l loss. Second is coaxia l cable, which looks just like the kind your cable company uses to bring in cable TV signals. This cable has an impedance of75 ohms and presents a n impedance mi smatc h at the antenna.
Is thi s a problem? No, a simple, inexpensive transformer changes the impedance. An additiona l transformer at the TV set converts the signa l bac k to ohms, or your set may have a coax fitting which e liminates the need for the transfom1e r. Forward slanting elem ents increase gain. Courtesy Chael Master. There are dozens of brand names and designs for te levision and FM antennas. Your choice should be made accord ing to your c ircumstances.
Urban areas will have less need for soph isticated antenna systems, whi le residents outside suburban areas and beyond will need all the he lp they can get. Anten na designs have come a long way since the " rabbit ears" a nd simple d ipoles of prev ious decades.
Advert isers may wan t you to th ink they've gone even farthe r than they have. Here are some ti ps to help you through the ad flu ff. Si nce most consumers don' t know about signal st rength readings in deci bels dB , manufacturers rate thei r a ntennas accord ing to how many miles away they claim they are able to pull in TV s igna ls. You should know, however, that, li ke gas mileage, you r TV mi leage may not approach manufact urers' claims.
Mileage is often esti mated under the most opti mistic ci rcumstances: flat te rrain. However, your mileage exceed the average, if you can pu t up with a good deal of noise or "snow" in your picture. Generally, the more elements on an antenna.
If you li ve in an urban area, though, a s mall antenna may be all you can use. Anything bigger might overload your TV or FM receiver, causing a distorted picture or the same FM signal showing up in different parts of the FM ba nd. If you experience receiver overload, the signal may be reduced by using an attenuator to limit the s ignal coming through the feed line. Most VHF-TV antenna des igns are based on the Log Periodic D ipole A rray LPDA in which a graduated series of "active" clements all connected together with a separate w ire are placed along a boom w ith the biggest e le me nts at one e nd and the shortest e lements at the other.
The small e nd is pointed at the target station locati on. LPDA designs, in which the elements are not perpendi cular to the boom but angled fo rward to the fro nt. A number of shorter elements arc placed in front and longer ones in back of the active c lement. The back elements are often arranged in a manner to form a rellecti vc corner to the acti ve element. All other c lements are said to be '"pass ive.
The refl ector eleme nt s atte mpt to reflect back to the ac. The antenna feed line is connected only to the act ive clement. It' s actu all y very simi lar in c. In fact. Typical gain is 15 to 20 dB. Courtesy Winegard lengths to an ac. UHF an active receiving eleme nt and amplifie r circuitry. These units can also be simple: one antenna mast to mou nt and onl y o ne feed line. Combined used in RV or mobile appli c. If you li ve in a nei ghborhood or subdi vision where out side antennas arc frowned upon or eve n fo rbidden.
The easiest way to put up a '"stealth.. TV antenna is in your atlic. Of course. Unl ess you have a reall y di stortion and receiver overload can be a real problem. The most big attic you wi ll not be able to rotate the antenna. Acid an ampli fie r for even better loc. T he differe nce between an unamplified antenna picture and one An alternati ve atLic an tenna widely avai lable is some ti mes r..
These arc nearly two-foot. Be rea listic in your expectations, however: Amplifiers c. The power supply runs on stand ard wa ll current and se nds a small amount of voltage to power the amplifier. By placing the a mplifier dircc. Avoid indoor antenna amplifiers: they are not nearly as effecti ve. Amplifiers typicall y acid 15 to 25 dB of ga in to the received signal. Some ampli fiers have a bui lt-in FM trap whi ch filte rs ou t the FM freq uenc ies and is useful in areas where ampli fied nearby FM signal s could cau se interference on T V channels.
Courtesy Winegard. Outside of the s ubu rban location the single most- needed accessory. This device allows you to rotate the antenna in the true direction of the station transmitter. Being just a few degrees off the transm itter site can have an amazi ng c ffcc.
You may be 50 mi les from a large city, but even so. You may have lo turn an an tenna 30 or more degrees to peak reception of different c. If you want to receive stations fro m.
The rotor and control are always sold together, the wire, usuall y 3-conducto r. If you use an outdoor antenna you may be able to use a simple steel. For instance, it 's possible to double antenna gain by stacking two T V anten nas and feed ing them w ith a phasing line.
H owever, whether you' re interested in me rely improvi ng your TY and FM reception o r you' re seeking new personal frontiers of your monitoring hobby. Because of the freque nc ies involved and the type of trans mi tting used, tropospheric ducting is a regu lar occurrence on the VHF-UHF bands.
Look for most DX openings to occur in the morning and evening. Many hams regularly monitorthese bands to determi ne w hen openings arc occu1Ting and where the DX paths are.
It's no t unus ual to pick up FM stations w ith a stereo signal fro m over a thousand miles away! It's great fu. So tweak your system and e njoy TV the old fashioned way. Avoid light gauge stee l masts. A void ''tripod" mounts which require roof penetratio n. Avoid ch imney mounts. Avoid vent pipe attachme nt s for similar reasons. Never mount or atte mpt to mo unt your antenna near a ny power lines.
In deep fringe areas you may need mo re he ight than the above methods provide. Here is where a tower comes in handy. It 's said that do ubling your tower hei ght can give you a 6 to 12 dB gain in signal stre ngth. Unfo rtunate ly. Towers usuall y require add itio nal lengths of feed line whic h may , in turn. Consult your local TV dealer for complete in formatio n on tower installatio ns.
Sat I. Old Uncle Skip has developed a tradition over the last few years. For some reason the early spring always brings a stack of books my way. In prev ious issues I have showcased the best reading in shortwave and scanner monitoring.
So thi s Apri l I'll take a turn at the best reading in the ham radio world. Topic for topic. A careful culling through the mass of readi ng material should turn up several texts that can help anyone grow into the ham radio hobby. Most fo lks these days are entering the ham radio world by way of the " No-Code" Technician' s class license. For folks choos ing thi s route the first book to loo k at is. The book details all aspects of sitting for both the Novice and Tec hnician Class licenses including curren t question pools.
But rather than being a simple qui z guide. The book begins with some informal ion about the hi story and traditions or amateur radio followed by a seri es of instructive chapters on radio and electronics theory that will serve to help you through the practi cal aspects of the upco ming tests. Many people think they are saving some time by skipping over the basic theory in favor of attempting to memorize lhe question pools. Can you get your first license thi s way'1 Poss ibly, but just wait till you try to sit for a hi gher class license.
Simple memorization won' t get you through the General. When I sat for my Extra I was really glad I took. So take the time to read and learn. You'll not only ace the test, but you' II do a better job when you get on the air.
The book contai ns several chapters on the practical aspects of choosing equipment. You will al so get a dose of knowledge about on air procedures and customs so you get off on the right foot fro m the first time you key down. Throw in a few code tapes or a code training program and you can easily use this book to get started toward those licenses that require code proficiency. This means he has participated directly in most of the major advancement s in the amateur radio art.
Clay takes you through all of the theory and learning required to acquire either the Novice or Technician class amateur radio license. This is anot her book intended to do more than help you memorize the question pools-Mr. Laster wants ham radio to be more than that for you. With this book you will learn the concepts behind the questions so th at. In addition to chapters on how to become an amateur. Clay also gives the reader some sound advice on learning the Morse Code. This book is simi lar in scope to Now You 're Talking.
The main difference appears lo be that Mr. Laster takes an even deeper look into the rad io and elec tronics theory behind the amateur radio hobby. If you are intensely curi ous about how radi o works. Because it has a very strong theoretical base, you' II see a lot of math. If you are a tin kerer or if you intend to build kits or '"home brew" some of your own rad io gear. Several of its examples include discussion of popular kit and do-it-yourself circuits. The author wal ks the reader through the schemati cs to give a clear understanding of just what is going on.
Now let 's take a look at a few books to help you enjoy those first experiences. Two of these are required reading for anybody who has just achieved their "No-Code" Tech ticket. After coming to understand how rad io propagation and practice works in the world below 30 MHz, they now fi nd themselves in a place where things happen a bit differently. This book he lps the newly licensed No-Coder to understand the vast variety of operating possibilities that the VHF spectrum has to offer. The book covers the essential information on VHF propagation to bring your thinkin g into the world above 30 MHz.
You also get a look at the more common operating methods such as FM, Repeaters. The more speciali zed techniques. This book should be included wi th the purchase of any handi-talkie by any newly licensed ham.
A surprising number of computer-oriented hobbyists get in volved in ham radio for the specific purpose of playing with packet radio. Also, packet has emerged as an essential tool for amateur radio emergency commu nications efforts. Packet radio is also a lot of fun' But for the beginner, fi guring out how to get your computer and your radio working together can be a bit tricky.
Once you get things working, you will also need some knowledge about how to communicate with all those other packeteers out there. This book is designed to answer all of the basic questions you may have as a newcomer to packet radio. The book takes you through a full explanat ion of packet radio incl uding complete info rmation on setting up your own packet station. From there you wi ll learn how to connect with other stations over the air din:ctly.
You wi ll also learn how to. If you don't upgrade to get your HF privileges you're missing out on ha lf of the fu n that Ham radio has to offer. One of the things that scares folks away from upgrading remains the International Morse Code.
Though the FCC may eventually make changes to the license structure. One way over this hump is to go beyond living with it to learning to love it. That's what got Old Uncle Skip his Extra and the book that helped me learn to love the code was Peter Carron Jr. But the code can now be apprec iated fo r what has often been overl ooked: CW operating is an art!
Carron's book gives the reader the history of th is amazing mode of transm ission. You learn how it breaks down barriers in commu nications brought on by everything from propagation to politics.
The book goes on to teach you the correct way to go about learning code. Many myth s have fo rmed around th is subject. This will help avoid false starts when you set out to learn the code. As you begi n to master it and acquire the licenses to make use of this mode. If you want to really get steeped in the CW tradition, the book includes complete instructi ons for setting up mechanical, semiautomatic keys known as "bugs" to CW operators.
With the help of thi s book, you. This book gets you into the theory and practice that will take you to your General Class license and the world wide com munication it provides. The book goes into greater depth than those written for folks getting their first license.
Theoretical information is followed up by examples that would apply to everyday ham operation. In this way you don ' t simply get the information to pass the exam. I hope to hear you on the ai r. Keep at it and we'll ragchew on 20 meters someday soon. A contractor who was putting a sma ll add ition on our home agreed to dig a 5' ditch. I paid a small two-way radio firm to come to the house and erec t the full 50 feet of tower. It was only because my fami ly was one of the fi rst to move into the neighborhood, and we were all we ll known.
One neighbor did. I loaded that towerup wit h Anten na Specialists' professional twoway an tennas, which was complete overkill. I also put up one of the first discone antennas. What really impressed me about the tower.
These Ii Ille powerhouses really sucked in the signals. Whi le fine preamplificrs arc currently available from compani1. What I used. New York. Years ago you were able to order these preamps tuned to a specific freque ncy. They provide 20dB of gain across approximately five to ten MHz eit her side of that tuned center channel.
To really do it up right. Table I ou tlines the total an tenna set-up I most favor for scanning. Beam antennas. When you add this figu re 10 the preamp's gain. Vanguard's custom preamps this one optimized for MHz , are fortunately, no longer available. Because of this. From there. By mou nti ng the preamp with the antenna. There are still other concerns of which you should he wary.
Achievi ng so much gain can overload the fro nt-end of many receivers, effectively wiping out the gai ns you so dutifully worked for. I am not a technical expert. I Scanners on TV How many of us actually became interested in the hobby when we heard radio transmissions.
I used to love the show Emergency when I was a kid. My son now loves to watch it. There was always lots of great radiochaw. Today, shows such as Cops and Resrne provide actual or recreated two-way traffic that' s fun to listen to. I've often wondered why scanner manufacturers and distributors don 1 advertise on these shows.
What reall y perks up my atte ntion, though. A number of years back. I can't remember how it all turned out. On an episode of this season's Seinfeld. I couldn' t make out whe ther ii was a Radio Shack or Uniden model. Kramer decided he could tell the firefighters of the FDNY the best routes to take to fire scenes. He ended up steering the back of a ladder truck while Jerry listened lo his friend scream for he lp. II was a bit much , but what the heck, it"s a great show.
Scanners on Film On the other hand. TV programming and films which show how criminals use scanners provide the fodde r that certain law enforcement officials and two-way equipme nt manufacturers use to promote the purchase of trunking, DVP. The instances of the public helping the po lice by monitoring their radios are innumerable a nd too often forgouen.
At any rate, some crim in als do assuredly use scanners o n occasion , and in recent films this fact has been stingi ngly brought to lig ht. In the hit movie Heat. In one scene. DiNiro' s character asks a frie nd to d ri ve the getaway c ar al a bank job. DiNiro says something to the effect that he needs someone to "man the rad ios and listen 10 the scanners" while the other robbers are in the bank.
In an earlier scene, during which the gang robs an armored car. In the recent movie Casino. The film, about mob-infested casino management in Las Vegas. In o ne very memorable scene, Pesci's character is describing how hi s band of toughs kept tabs o n local law enforcement.
As Pesci s voice-over informs us that they had scanners w ith descramblers to li sten in o n the FBI. T he prop crew did the ir homework o n thi s o ne! Certain manufacturers today have contracts whereby they supply radios. The studios receive great props for free. It" s a wi n-w in situatio n. T here may be some interesting equipme nt in the upcoming major motion picture. Here ' s a tri via question for you: What was the first known movie production that requested a scanner from a manufacturer fo r inc lusion as a prop in a film?
I have a free copy of Monitor America for the firs t person who answers this correc tly. If you know of othe r examples of scanne rs on TV. We' ll report the most interesting episodes in upcoming issues. I Reading the Mail Paul L. Varvaro of Bradenton. Anna Maria, Holmes Beach. Longboat Key. Palme tto and the Manatee County Sheriff's Office.
The system is an MHz trunked system and is pretty much un scannable as far as r m concerned. I w ill not bother to inc:lude the 18 frequencies as they arc in any freq uency book. Would you know of any modificatio n or person who could help me obtai n a radio that cou ld mon itor an MHz system? Everyone who li ves near o ne of these systems absolutel y dreads them.
There arc boards avai lable which wi ll e li m in ate these nox io us noi ses. Trunk ing is now quite prevalent throughout the metropolitan areas of o ur nation and around the world. As a mail er of fact. Florida may be the state w ith the hi ghest pcrcentage of trunked syste m installations. Counties througho ut the Sunshi ne State except fo r the Panhandle have been setting up these MHz behemoths at an astounding rate. There are a couple of salient reasons for thi s growth: an expone ntial inc rease in population demands large and flexi ble radio systems: and.
Why some counties feel it' s in their best interest to use a trunking system which complete ly inhibits their ci tizenry from mon itoring is beyond me. I doubt many cri minals would moni tor a basic trunked system : T hey wouldn't put up wi th the channel hopping. There's no need for the added accoutrements that require added air-time. I'm no tec hnic al whiz. There may be another reason for these tones of which I'm no t aware.
If a reader has any in format io n o n thi s, please write in and straighte n me o ut. Back to the Mail A reader from the Twin Cities area was kind enough to wri te in regarding the January ' 96 scanner column- the last of the previous edi tor' s reign. Bob Schultz writes that while the trunked frequencies listed for Bloomington IN in the " Frequency Exchange" are con-ect, he has questions concerning the conventiona l frequencies that were submitted, as fo llows: The frequencies should be in.
Frequencies in this band a re generally in. Bloomington is not licensed to use the other side of that a lleged frequency, Bloomington was licensed to use the frequency, butasof0ctober '95, Apple Volley is the only metro city licensed for the channel. Not listed in any of the common frequency books as being used. Again, this is not o valid frequency. In the metro area, Mark also writes that during the Mardi Gras season, parade operations for the police in St.
Fire and Civil Defense are also ac ti ve. Isn't It Time to Subscribe? Don't miss a single issue of these great magazines! Back on the Soapbox! Thanks, Bob. You' ve pointed out a bone of contenti on I' ve had for ma ny years with frequ e ncy reports. Because it i s very difficult to verify the accuracy of the letters our readers arc kind enough to write, everyone should be as careful as possible to ens ure that the transmission they ' re receiving is not an image and is "on frequency.
I know; the FCC is in the process of re-farming the bands, but in almost all cases today, agencies are licensed for pre-determined channels which fall in steps as Bob has outlined in the examples above. Please don ' t take thi s as a scare tactic, but whenever off-frequency reports are submitted, 1 have to cons ider the entire letter suspect. One of the best ways to e nsure that you' re on target and "on freq uency" is to utilize any of the frequency books, or scanner how-to gui des on the market for novices, which li st the FCC-authorized cha nnels.
Here is a list from St. Your company has done an outstanding job in assisting me with my work. Working a Full-time job and going to school it's not easy. So thank you so muc Assignment was done very well detailed. Received my assignment before my deadline request, paper was well written.
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